Identification & Site Information

  • Name: Frank Canfield
  • Former Names: None
  • Official Number: 120256
  • Date Built: 1875
  • Builder: Manistee, Michigan
  • Dimensions: Not specified
  • Tonnage: Not specified
  • Date Lost: April 11, 1904
  • Place of Loss: Approximately 7 miles (11.3 km) north of Ludington, Michigan
  • Lake: Lake Michigan
  • Type of Loss: Storm-induced grounding
  • Cargo: None
  • Loss of Life: 3 of 5 crew members survived
  • Home Port: Not specified(2manitowoc.com, Great Lakes Shipwreck Files, 2manitowoc.com)

Vessel Type

The Frank Canfield was a wooden-hulled steam Tug, a type of vessel commonly used on the Great Lakes during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Steam tugs like the Frank Canfield were essential for towing larger ships, assisting in harbor maneuvers, and performing various utility tasks.(Great Lakes Shipwreck Files)

Description

Constructed in 1875 in Manistee, Michigan, the Frank Canfield was a steam-powered Tugboat. While specific dimensions and tonnage are not detailed in the available records, vessels of this class typically featured robust wooden hulls and were designed for durability and power to handle towing operations in the challenging conditions of the Great Lakes.(2manitowoc.com)

History

The Frank Canfield served as a steam Tug on Lake Michigan, operating in various capacities including towing and general assistance to other vessels. On April 11, 1904, while navigating near Ludington, Michigan, the vessel encountered a severe storm. During the storm, the Tug’s steering chain parted, rendering the vessel uncontrollable. Subsequently, the Frank Canfield was pushed onto a sandbar and became stranded in the windrows. The relentless force of the storm caused the vessel to break apart and sink. Out of the five crew members on board, three survived the incident.

Final Disposition

The Frank Canfield was declared a Total Loss following the storm-induced grounding and subsequent breakup. The remains of the vessel were left in place, and over time, parts of the wreckage became buried under sand and sediment.(WWMT)

Located By & Date Found

In April 2020, a fragment of a wooden shipwreck measuring approximately 32 feet (9.75 meters) in length and 8 feet (2.44 meters) in width was discovered on the beach near Ludington State Park. Historians and maritime experts have speculated that this fragment could be from the Frank Canfield, given the location and construction characteristics. However, definitive identification has not been confirmed. (Great Lakes Now)

NOTMARs & Advisories

There are no specific Notices to Mariners (NOTMARs) or advisories related to the wreck of the Frank Canfield. However, as with all shipwreck sites, caution is advised when exploring or studying the area, and local regulations should be observed.

Resources & Links

Conclusion

The Frank Canfield serves as a historical example of the challenges faced by maritime vessels on the Great Lakes, particularly the smaller utility vessels like steam tugs that played crucial roles in daily operations. The vessel’s loss in 1904 underscores the dangers posed by severe weather conditions and mechanical failures. The recent discovery of shipwreck fragments near Ludington offers a tangible connection to this maritime history, providing opportunities for further research and exploration.